Innovation and Technology
Make Better Decisions with Slow-Developing Technology

Evolution of Self-Driving Automobiles: A Century-Long Journey
A Century of Progress
Self-driving automobiles may seem like a cutting-edge 21st-century technology — a challenge still facing obstacles before widespread adoption. But in fact, autonomous driving has been evolving in fits and starts for a full century. Its evolution can teach managers how to deal with innovations that depend on multiple slow-developing technologies that come together at different speeds and costs.
Early Experimentation
The first self-driving vehicle was invented in the 1920s by a American inventor, Norman Polmar. His invention, known as the “Auto-Pilot,” used a radio transmitter to control the vehicle’s movements. Although it was not practical for widespread use, it marked the beginning of the development of autonomous vehicles.
The 1950s and 60s: The First Autonomous Vehicles
In the 1950s and 60s, the development of autonomous vehicles continued with the introduction of the “Autonomous Vehicle” (AV) concept. AVs were designed to be used in military and industrial settings, but they were not commercially viable.
The 1980s and 90s: The Rise of Robotics and Computer Vision
The 1980s and 90s saw significant advancements in robotics and computer vision, which enabled the development of more sophisticated autonomous vehicles. Companies like Stanford Research Institute (SRI) and Carnegie Mellon University began working on autonomous vehicle projects, leading to the creation of the first autonomous vehicle prototype in 1995.
The 2000s and 2010s: Modern Autonomous Vehicles
The 2000s and 2010s saw the rise of modern autonomous vehicles, with companies like Google, Tesla, and Uber investing heavily in the technology. The development of advanced sensors, GPS, and machine learning algorithms enabled the creation of more sophisticated autonomous vehicles.
Challenges and Obstacles
Despite progress, autonomous vehicles still face significant challenges and obstacles, including regulatory hurdles, public acceptance, and technical issues. However, the evolution of autonomous vehicles can teach managers how to deal with innovations that depend on multiple slow-developing technologies that come together at different speeds and costs.
Conclusion
The evolution of self-driving automobiles is a century-long journey that has seen significant advancements and setbacks. By understanding the history of autonomous vehicles, managers can gain valuable insights into how to navigate the challenges and opportunities presented by other complex innovations.
FAQs
* Q: What was the first self-driving vehicle invented?
A: The first self-driving vehicle was invented in the 1920s by American inventor Norman Polmar.
* Q: What was the purpose of the Autonomous Vehicle (AV) concept?
A: The Autonomous Vehicle (AV) concept was designed for use in military and industrial settings, but it was not commercially viable.
* Q: What advancements were made in the 1980s and 90s?
A: The 1980s and 90s saw significant advancements in robotics and computer vision, enabling the development of more sophisticated autonomous vehicles.
Innovation and Technology
Telemedicine on the Rise: Leveraging Technology to Improve Health Outcomes

Technology for Social Change
In today’s fast-paced world, technology has revolutionized the way we live, work, and interact with each other. From social media to mobile payments, technology has made significant impacts on our daily lives. Now, the healthcare industry is also embracing technology, particularly telemedicine, to improve patient outcomes and make healthcare more accessible. With the rise of telemedicine, patients can now access quality healthcare from the comfort of their own homes, reducing the need for lengthy hospital stays and minimizing the risk of contracting illnesses.
The Promise of Telemedicine
Telemedicine, also known as e-health or telehealth, is the use of electronic communication technologies, such as video conferencing, e-mail, and mobile apps, to deliver healthcare services remotely. This innovative approach has numerous benefits, including:
Convenience
With telemedicine, patients can schedule appointments at any time and from any location, eliminating the need to take time off work or travel to a physical clinic. This convenience is particularly beneficial for those living in rural areas or with mobility issues.
Cost-Effectiveness
Telemedicine reduces healthcare costs by minimizing the need for hospital visits and reducing the demand for in-person consultations.
Increased Accessibility
Telemedicine breaks down geographical barriers, making healthcare more accessible to people worldwide, including those in remote areas or with limited access to healthcare services.
Personalized Care
Telemedicine enables healthcare providers to offer personalized care, tailoring treatment plans to individual needs and preferences.
Reduced Risk of Infection
By minimizing the need for in-person consultations, telemedicine reduces the risk of contracting illnesses and the spread of disease.
The Current State of Telemedicine
Despite the numerous benefits of telemedicine, there are still challenges to overcome, including:
Infrastructure and Connectivity
Ensuring widespread access to high-speed internet and reliable technology infrastructure is crucial for telemedicine to be effective.
Workforce Development
Healthcare providers must develop the necessary skills and training to deliver high-quality telemedicine services.
Patient Adoption
Patients need to be educated on the benefits of telemedicine and how to navigate the technology.
Regulatory Framework
Clear regulatory guidelines are necessary to ensure the safe and effective delivery of telemedicine services.
Case Studies and Success Stories
Telemedicine has been successfully implemented in various settings, including:
Rural Healthcare
Rural areas often face significant challenges in accessing healthcare services. Telemedicine has been used to bridge this gap, providing patients with access to specialist care, reducing hospital stays, and improving health outcomes.
Mental Health
Telemedicine has been particularly effective in providing mental health services, offering patients a safe and comfortable environment to discuss their concerns.
Chronic Disease Management
Telemedicine has been used to manage chronic conditions, such as diabetes and hypertension, by providing patients with real-time monitoring and guidance from healthcare providers.
Post-Hospital Discharge
Telemedicine has been used to improve patient outcomes after hospital discharge by providing patients with timely follow-up care and reducing readmission rates.
Conclusion
Telemedicine is revolutionizing the healthcare industry, offering patients greater convenience, cost-effectiveness, and increased accessibility. While there are challenges to overcome, the benefits of telemedicine make it an essential tool for improving health outcomes. By leveraging technology, healthcare providers can deliver high-quality care, reduce healthcare costs, and improve patient satisfaction. As telemedicine continues to evolve, we can expect to see even more innovative applications and benefits, ultimately leading to better health outcomes for all.
FAQs
Q: What is telemedicine?
A: Telemedicine is the use of electronic communication technologies to deliver healthcare services remotely.
Q: What are the benefits of telemedicine?
A: Telemedicine offers numerous benefits, including convenience, cost-effectiveness, increased accessibility, personalized care, and reduced risk of infection.
Q: Who can use telemedicine?
A: Anyone can use telemedicine, including patients, healthcare providers, and insurance companies.
Q: How does telemedicine work?
A: Telemedicine works by using video conferencing, e-mail, and mobile apps to deliver healthcare services remotely.
Q: What are the challenges of telemedicine?
A: The challenges of telemedicine include infrastructure and connectivity issues, workforce development, patient adoption, and regulatory framework.
Q: What are the future prospects of telemedicine?
A: The future of telemedicine looks promising, with increased adoption, improved infrastructure, and innovative applications, leading to better health outcomes and reduced healthcare costs.
Innovation and Technology
Lunar Data Centers And Human Archives

Space-based and Moon-based Data Centers: A New Era in Data Storage and Processing
Introduction
Space-based and moon-based data centers are being created to support Earth and outer space data processing requirements and to provide new data disaster recovery capabilities. Storing data on the Moon or even in near-Earth orbit has interest to governments, NGOs, and commercial enterprises. Data storage in outer space provides an additional layer of data security against natural disasters, social upheavals, and other threats to data integrity and longevity.
The Blue Ghost Mission: A Successful Landing on the Moon
We wrote about the Lonestar Data Holdings partnership with Flexential to test equipment for a moon-based data center as well as synthetic DNA storage in the Blue Ghost Mission in January. The Blue Ghost Mission from Firefly Aerospace landed successfully on the Moon on March 2 and has been performing various experiments on the Moon’s surface since then. The synthetic DNA in the Blue Ghost Mission carries tokens and historical data and is encapsulated within a monument symbolizing humanity’s achievements.
The Lonestar Freedom Mission: A New Era in Data Storage
The Intuitive Machines landing vehicle, containing the Lonestar Holdings Freedom data module made its lunar landing on March 6 and although radio communications work, it appears that the vehicle did not land flat on the surface and as a consequence, there was concern whether it would be able to perform some of the planned experiments, including drilling for water near the Moon’s Southern Pole, where it is believed that water ice from meteorite impacts may hide in craters that are sheltered from the sun. It is also not clear as of this writing, whether the Freedom data center module is fully functional.
Phison and Lonestar Data Holdings Partnership
Phison partnered with Lonestar Data Holdings to provide SSD storage based on the company’s Pascari enterprise-grade storage solution for the Lonestar Freedom Mission. The SSDs are used for backup and recovery for storing mission data. Phison said that this collaboration would ensure that the Freedom mission moves beyond technical innovation to unlock the future of interplanetary operations. It is hoped that with unique solar-power sourcing and natural cooling capabilities that the lunar data center design can maintain peak operational performance with minimal resource dependency.
The Future of Data Centers in Space
Lonestar’s ultimate goal for Freedom is to provide petabyte-scale long-term storage to support local data center needs as well as backup of important data on the Moon’s surface. Data center resources on the Moon will help with edge computing capability to support the upcoming Artemis manned missions to the Moon. Future manned missions further in space, such as Mars, could also benefit from outer space data centers that could support local lower latency processing than is possible for data sent to and from Earth.
Conclusion
Recent landings of data center technologies, including data storage and stored archives on the Moon, are creating a path for the development of lunar and other extraterrestrial enterprises. The creation of a series of data centers in outer space or on other planetary bodies will enable an extraterrestrial internet, which requires local data storage to cache data and messages locally so they can be transmitted to off-planet and Earth transceivers when such transmission becomes possible. Creating a series of data centers between remote space data centers could also enable interplanetary distributed computing to better understand outer space and the solar environment that surrounds us on Earth.
Frequently Asked Questions
- What is the purpose of the Blue Ghost Mission?
The Blue Ghost Mission is a lunar mission that aims to test equipment for a moon-based data center as well as synthetic DNA storage. - What is the Lonestar Freedom Mission?
The Lonestar Freedom Mission is a lunar mission that aims to provide petabyte-scale long-term storage to support local data center needs as well as backup of important data on the Moon’s surface. - What is the purpose of the Phison and Lonestar Data Holdings partnership?
The partnership aims to provide SSD storage based on Phison’s Pascari enterprise-grade storage solution for the Lonestar Freedom Mission, ensuring the mission moves beyond technical innovation to unlock the future of interplanetary operations.
Innovation and Technology
Lisa Su’s AI Strategy

Leaders Who Make a Difference: Lisa Su, Chair and CEO of AMD
About the Event
Each spring, HBR hosts Leaders Who Make a Difference, a live virtual conference that spotlights executives and organizations making a positive impact in the world.
Lisa Su: A Leader in High-Performance Computing
This past year’s headliner was Lisa Su, chair and CEO of AMD, a company that has over the past decade become a leader in high-performance and adaptive computing powered by AI.
AMD’s Success Story
AMD is now one of the fastest-growing semiconductor businesses in the world, with customers ranging from Subaru and Tesla to Microsoft and Google.
The Future of Computing
As the leader of AMD, Lisa Su is driving the development of new technologies that are changing the way we live and work. From artificial intelligence (AI) to data analytics, AMD is at the forefront of the digital revolution.
Lisa Su’s Vision
Lisa Su’s vision for AMD is to harness the power of technology to make a positive impact on the world. She believes that technology should be used to improve people’s lives, not just drive profits.
Award-Winning Leadership
Lisa Su has received numerous awards and accolades for her leadership and innovation, including being named one of the 100 Most Influential People in the World by TIME Magazine.
Conclusion
Lisa Su’s leadership at AMD is a shining example of what it means to make a difference in the world. Her company’s commitment to innovation and progress is inspiring, and her vision for a better future is one that we can all get behind.
FAQs
- What is Leaders Who Make a Difference? A live virtual conference hosted by HBR that spotlights executives and organizations making a positive impact in the world.
- What is AMD’s mission? To harness the power of technology to make a positive impact on the world.
- What is Lisa Su’s vision for AMD? To drive the development of new technologies that improve people’s lives, not just drive profits.
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